23rd November - "It's not thinking!": PHaR meets MYLO.
In
this week’s PHaR, we tried something different. Taking the digital hand of MYLO
(Manage Your Life Online; Gaffney et al., 2014), a computerised 'therapist' or “problem-solving
program”. In an online setting, MYLO utilises principles similar to Perceptual Control Theory therapy. We
wondered if MYLO could help us make sense of our life/work balances. Prior to
our meet, we had all spent some time talking to MYLO, individually, before printing
our conversations and reflecting on our experiences.
We
found ourselves struck by the seemingly insatiableness of MYLO. Questions kept
coming, questions that seemed close to repetitions, or to be shifting focus without
reason, until becoming trapped in loops. At times, and because of the
questioning style, we had thought back to our reading of Petitmengin’s (2006) method
of becoming aware of the pre-reflective (particularly given MYLO’s commanding
tone, evident from the first question onwards: “please tell me what’s on your
mind”). Despite this, some personal insights were gained via questions that
seemed poignant, but which may have been reached by algorithm rather than
insight. MYLO, with its lack of feedback, caused us to reflect on our role in its questioning with some of
us assuming the fault lay with us (“I was wondering if I’d ‘misanswered’ an
earlier question”) others presuming the limits of the software had been
reached.
However,
and despite our varied (some limited, some lived) therapeutic experiences, we
found a number of differences in MYLO’s approach. In one canny metaphor, we saw
in the looped questioning time becoming a “flat circle” rather than the inverted
spiral cone shape that therapy can take; that is metaphorically over time moving
towards a goal or the identification of an issue. We felt that a lack of a
sense of growth, that no therapeutic “journey” seemed possible, did limit what
we could have achieved with MYLO. We assumed that this sense of progression,
with another person (the therapist),
would not be able to be reproduced using artificial intelligence (AI). Or if it
were we would need to be made to believe we were speaking with someone/that some thing was thinking. We
considered the role and implication of AI within wider contexts, discussing therapeutic
robot animals (such as “PARO” the seal, pictured above, Marti et al., 2006) and the boom in self-help, mindfulness
apps. Despite the (perhaps closing) gap between interaction and capability we
saw “functionality” as an initial driving force, but one that would repeatedly
come to lag behind the human need for “growth”.
References:
Gaffney,
H., Mansell, W., Edwards, R., & Wright, J. (2014). Manage your life online
(MYLO): A pilot trial of a conversational computer-based intervention for
problem solving in a student sample. Behavioural and cognitive
psychotherapy, 42(6), 731-746.
Marti,
P., Bacigalupo, M., Giusti, L., Mennecozzi, C., & Shibata, T. (2006).
Socially assistive robotics in the treatment of behavioural and psychologicalsymptoms of dementia. In Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics, 2006.
BioRob 2006. The First IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on (pp.
483-488).
Petitmengin,
C. (2006). Describing one’s subjective experience in the second person: an
interview method for the science of consciousness. Phenomenology and
the Cognitive sciences, 5(3), 229-269.
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